VCL Products > VCL-PMU-30, Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)

What is a “Synchrophasor”?
A phasor is a complex numerical waveform representing a sinusoidal function whose amplitude, frequency and phase are time invariant (time-dependent system function) and these phasor measurements, when accurately time stamped using GPS universal time, are called “Synchrophasors”.

VCL-PMU-30, Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
IEEE C37.118 Synchrophasor

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VCL-PMU-30 is a modular Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) that is designed to provide measured Synchrophasor values in accordance with the IEEE C37.118.1-2011, IEEE C37.118.2-2011, C37.118.1a-2014 & IEC/IEEE 60255-118-1:2018 synchrophasor standards. With ever increasing power demand, the power grid requires efficient and reliable technologies to monitor voltage, frequency, phase angle and shifts in the power transmission network, in real-time, to detect grid imbalances which can result in catastrophic grid failure and blackouts. The synchrophasor technology is used to monitor the power-grid in real time. The VCL-PMU-30 which uses synchrophasor technology, which may be used to provide precise data, in real-time, for steady-state and dynamic-state conditions for both M class and P class, at the desired frame rates. VCL-PMU-30 monitors voltage, frequency, phase angle and shifts in the power transmission network in real time to detect grid imbalances, excessive loads zones and trouble spots which if undetected, can result in a grid failure and power blackout.

Features and Compliance:

High precision, 16-bit accuracy on current and voltage inputs
Integrated GPS Receiver for Time Synchronization - GPS and GNSS (GPS + GLONAAS) options
Integrated IEEE 1588v2 PTP Slave (Power Profile) for Time Synchronization
Optional External GPS Receiver for Time Synchronization
High precision clock base <50 ns with internal GPS, or in IEEE-1588v2 PTP Slave mode
Best in Class Holdover Accuracy: Better than 9µs/24-hour accuracy in a 24-hour holdover clock mode in the absence of the loss, or unavailability of the GPS signal.
Uses EKF (Extended Kalman Filtering) for improved accuracy.
User configurable C37.118 message rate - 25 frames per second and 50 frames per second, 50Hz, 60Hz.
Provides standardized synchrophasor data format for easy integration with the third-party grid management tools.
Best in Class frequency measurement accuracy of 0.001Hz (when locked to internal GPS / GNSS Receiver)
Total Vector Error (TVE): Less than 0.50% in steady conditions.
HMI (Human Machine Interface)
In compliance with IEEE C37.118.1-2011, IEEE C37.118.2-2011, C37.118.1a-2014 & IEC/IEEE 60255-118-1:2018 standards
In compliance with both P and M class requirements of IEEE C37.118.1 standard
In compliance with Steady State and Dynamic State as per IEEE C37.118 standard

Benefits:

A comprehensive and a compact PMU solution that is designed to build an intelligent and an effective real-time control system for implementing advanced remedial action and protection schemes.
Provides advanced system knowledge with correlated event reporting and real-time system visualization of the power grid.
Designed for implementing an intelligent grid-monitoring and an analytical solution. Provides a predictive and proactive tool to monitor the power grid for power angle voltage frequency, power factor and harmonics to improve the grid's dynamic stability.
Adjustable reporting / sampling rates: 25 frames per second and 50 frames per second.
Resilient by design. Designed to provide excellent performance in stressed and distributed power systems.

Inputs:

Voltage: VA, VB, VC (2 Inputs), 50Hz, 60Hz
Current: IA, IB, IC (2 Inputs)
6 x Analog Inputs
16 x Digital Inputs. 8 (DPS) / 16 (SPS) Digital Inputs for Breaker Status Monitoring

Communication Interfaces and Communication Protocols:

C37.118 Network Communication Ports:

Number of ports: 2
1 x Ethernet (Electrical) port of 10/100BaseT
1 x Ethernet (Optical) 100Base-FX (SFP)

Communication Protocols: TCP/IP, UDP, Multicast and Unicast.

Measurements:

3-Phase Voltage Phasors
3-Phase Current Phasors
Positive sequence voltage
Positive sequence current
Breaker Status
Frequency (attains a 0.001 Hz frequency reading accuracy, when VCL-PMU-30 is synchronized with GPS / GNSS) Frequency
Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) - df/dt
Power Quality Measurements:

“Sags” and “Swells”
Power Factor
Harmonic Measurement - THD and K-factor

Management Interfaces:

One x 10/100BaseT Fast Ethernet (RJ45) port Management (OAM) Port for monitoring the system performance and alarms.
One RS232 serial port and one USB port for local operator access.

Time Synchronization Interfaces:

Synchronization Accuracy <50ns (nanosecond) [i.e. <0.05 microsecond]
Stability in absence of Synchronization: Better than 1.0 micro-second in 2000 seconds
Integrated, high performance GPS / GNSS (GPS + GLONAAS) Receiver. GPS / GNSS Antenna
Integrated 10/100/1000BaseT GigE Ethernet (RJ45) IEEE-1588v2 PTP Slave Interface Port
External IRIG-B006 (un-modulated) + 1PPS Input
External 1 PPS + NMEA Input
Synchronization Interfaces: One GPS antenna port; One Ethernet port (1588v2 PTP Slave), One IRIG-B port and 1 PPS port. Any one synchronization interface option may be used.
Time stability of internal time base: 9 ppb (i.e. <0.009 ppm)

Remote Management, Monitoring and Security:

Password Controlled Access with Password Strength Monitor.
Telnet / CLI
SSH - Secured remote access using “Secure Shell Protocol” over IP links
RADIUS
SNMPv2

Power Supply options:

24V DC, 48V DC
110V DC / 125VDC
220V DC / 250V DC

Power Consumption:

< 30 Watts.

Accuracy Test:

As per IEEE C37.118.1-2011, IEEE C37.118.2-2011, C37.118.1a-2014 & IEC/IEEE 60255-118-1:2018 standards

Testing, Regulatory, EMI, EMC Surge, Immunity, Insulation Test compliances:

Electrostatic Discharge test (61000-4-2) Level 3
Radiated electromagnetic Field Test Level 3
Damped Oscillatory magnetic Field Test (61000-4-10) Level 3
Power frequency magnetic field (61000-4-8) Level 3
DC Voltage Dips & Interruptions I Variation as per IEC 61000-4-29
Power frequency voltage withstand Test as per IEC 60255-22-5
1.2/50µs impulse voltage withstand Test as per IEC 60255-22-5
Insulation Resistance Test as per IEC 60255-22-5
Conducted Emission Class A, CISPR 32 / EN55022
Radiated Emission (In Chamber) >1 GHz 6GHz, Class A, CISPR 32 / EN55022
Surge Immunity Test Level 3
Electrical Fast Transient Burst Test Level 3

Environmental Tests and compliances:

Dry heat operation test - Continuous operation at 55⁰ C for 16 hours as per IEC 60068-2-2
Dry heat storage test - at 65⁰ C for 16 hours as per IEC 60068-2-2
Damp heat test - at 95% RH and 400 C for 16 hours as per IEC 60068-2-78
Cold operation test - Continuous operation at 0° C for 96 hours as per IEC 60068-2-1
Cold storage test - at -20° C for 24 hours as per IEC 60068-2-1
Temperature Variation Test - at 450 C,10 C/Minute, 5 Cycles as per IEC 60068-2-14
Vibration Test - Freq. 1-55Hz, Disp. 0.35mm as per IEC 60255-21-1

CE compliance:

Immunity as per EN 60255-26
Low voltage directive as per EN 60255-27

EN 50081-2	EN 50082-2
CISPR 32 / EN55022 Class A Conducted Emission
CISPR 32 / EN55022 Class A Radiated Emission)
IEC 61000-4-5 / IEC 60255-22-5	IEC 61000-4-4 / IEC 60255-22-4
IEC 61000-4-3 / IEC 60255-22-3	IEC 61000-4-18 / IEC 60255-22-1
IEC 61000-4-2 / IEC 60255-22-2	IEC 61000-4-10
IEC 61000-4-8	IEC 60068-2-3
IEC 60068-2-14